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|  | Lavanha, JoƯ Bautista |
| name: | Lavanha, JoƯ Bautista | ||||||
| also known as: | |||||||
| domestic | Portugal | ||||||
| lived in | 1550-1624 | ||||||
| job: | cartographer | ||||||
| Joao Baptista Lavanha, born in Portugal, may have studied in Rome. When Philip II of Spain conquered Portugal in 1580 he found that map making and navigation were more advanced than in Spain, and he invited Lavanha to Madrid as professor of mathematics and founded there an Academy of Mathematics with Lavanha as its first professor. Lavanha became Philip II's chief engineer in 1587 and cosmographer to the king in 1596, at which time he moved to Lisbon (Lisboa) where he taught mathematics to sailors and navigators. He wrote a book Regimento nautico with rules for determining latitude and tables of declination of the Sun. As cartographer he prepared a map of Aragon in about 1615, prepared a translation of Euclid, and constructed navigational instruments such as astrolabes, quadrants, and compasses. He is said to have developed a new navigational instrument. There is a short biography in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography. | |||||||
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